A Vogadro :: essays research papers fc

A vogadro was born on June 9, 1776 in Turin, Italy. He began his career in 1796 by obtaining a doctorate in honor and practicing as a lawyer for three years after. In 1800, he began to take private lessons in mathematics and natural philosophy and decided to view as the natural sciences his profession. He was appointed as a demonstrator at the Academy of Turin in1806 and the Professor of Natural Philosophy at the College of Vercelli in 1809, and in 1820, he was appointed the professor of mathematical physics. He was a physics professor but he also experimented in chemistry utilize mathematics to base most of his observeings. Avogadro is well feel for his hypothesis known as Avogadros Law. His law states that at a given temperature, equal volumes of atom smasher contain the equivalent descend of molecules equal to about 6.0221367 x 10 to the twenty-third power.A Mole of a substance is the quantity of the substance that weights the equal as its molecular mass. One mole of an y substance is gibe to Avogadros return. Therefore Avogadros law can be stated in term of moles, namely that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same issuing of moles. Thanks to Avogadro and his number, scientists can measure out equal number of molecules by weighing out an equal number of moles. For gases this can be done by using 22.4 liters at STP(1 atmosphere and 223 Kelvin, 0 deg. Celsius). Avogadros number is most reliably determined by X-ray diffraction of crystals. For many years flock thought the number was equal to about 6.022045 x 10 to the twenty-third power, However, in 1986 the number was redefined as about 6.0221367 x 10 to the 23rd power.Albert Einsteins third research paper was concerned with the nature of molecules. We all know that if we drop a lump of sugar into water it diffuses through the water, qualification it somewhat more sticky. Thinking of water as a structureless changeful and the sugar molecules as small hard spheres, Einstein was able to find not only the size of the sugar molecules but also a value for Avogadros number. Avogadro proposed his hypothesis in 1811. At that time there was no data at all on the number of particles in a mole. Measurements were made by Robert Brown in 1827 that gave an approximate value for Avogadros number by observations of brownian motion.